Are There Lilac Trees or Just Bushes? Understanding Lilac Growth Habits
The common perception of lilacs as shrubs is largely accurate, but the truth is a bit more nuanced. While most lilacs are indeed grown as multi-stemmed shrubs, they can be trained into small tree forms. So the answer isn't simply "just bushes." It depends on how the plant is grown and pruned.
Let's delve deeper into the world of lilacs and clarify this often-asked question:
What is the natural growth habit of a lilac?
Lilacs ( Syringa vulgaris and other species) naturally grow as multi-stemmed shrubs. This means they develop multiple stems from the base, creating a bushy habit. They rarely develop a single, dominant trunk like a typical tree. Left unpruned, they will spread outwards and upwards, creating a dense, rounded shape. This is the most common way you'll see them growing in gardens and landscapes.
Can lilacs be grown as trees?
Yes! With careful pruning and training, lilacs can be shaped into small trees. This involves selecting a single, strong stem early in the plant's life and removing all other stems at the base. Regular pruning is essential to maintain the single-trunk form and prevent it from reverting to its natural bushy habit. This process requires patience and consistent effort, but the result is a unique and visually appealing lilac "tree."
What are the benefits of growing a lilac as a tree?
- Visual Appeal: A lilac tree provides a different aesthetic than the more common shrub form. The single trunk creates a more formal and elegant look.
- Easier Harvesting: The flowers are more accessible when grown on a single trunk, making it easier to cut bouquets.
- Better Air Circulation: A tree form can improve air circulation within the plant, potentially reducing the risk of fungal diseases.
What are the drawbacks of growing a lilac as a tree?
- More Maintenance: Maintaining the single-trunk form requires regular pruning. Neglect can lead to the plant reverting back to a multi-stemmed shrub.
- Fragility: A single trunk can be more vulnerable to damage from strong winds or heavy snow compared to multiple stems.
- Slower Growth: Training a lilac as a tree can slow its growth rate initially.
What types of lilacs are best suited for tree training?
While any lilac variety can theoretically be trained as a tree, some varieties may be better suited than others. Generally, lilacs with strong central stems are better candidates. It's always best to start with a young plant to make the training process easier.
How do I train a lilac into a tree form?
This requires consistent pruning. Select a single strong, central stem early on and remove all other stems from the base. As the tree grows, prune regularly to maintain the single trunk shape and remove any suckers that try to sprout from the base. You'll also want to prune to shape the crown. Consult gardening resources for specific pruning techniques.
In conclusion, while lilacs are predominantly grown as shrubs due to their natural growth habit, they can absolutely be grown as small trees with dedicated pruning and training. The choice depends on your aesthetic preferences and your willingness to dedicate the time and effort needed for shaping and maintaining the tree form.
